Pile Foundation and Retaining Wall Construction Process: A Comprehensive Guide

Pile Foundation Construction Process (Static Pressure Piling)

Key Construction Steps:

1. Design Review & Preparation

   • Drawing review and approval

   • Pile numbering

   • Pile machine walking route planning

   • Pile foundation construction plan development

2. Pre-Construction Phase

   • Pile machine and personnel mobilization

   • Pipe piles, pile tips, and material submission for approval

   • Quality and technical briefings

   • Surveying and setting out (positioning and baseline verification)

   • Construction commencement application

3. Piling Execution

   • Test piling (to determine construction parameters)

   • Mass piling (after confirming parameters)

   • Pile integrity testing (high-strain dynamic testing, static load testing)

4. Post-Piling Activities

   • Excavation

   • Pile cutting (to the designed pile head elevation)

   • Post-excavation pile verification and deviation mapping

   • Low-strain integrity testing (reflection wave method)

   • If Class III defects are detected, additional piles are required

   • Final inspection report and foundation acceptance

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Required Documentation

Pre-Construction & Material Approval

• Material/Equipment Submission:

  • Construction materials, components, and equipment approval form

  • Quantity checklist

  • Product quality certification

Test Piling Documentation

1. Construction inspection application

2. Static pressure precast concrete/steel pile construction trial record

3. Pretensioned spun concrete pile quality inspection report

4. Precast concrete pile construction batch acceptance record

5. Concealed works quality acceptance record

Mass Piling Documentation

1. Construction inspection application

2. Static pressure precast concrete/steel pile construction record

3. Pile quality inspection report

4. Batch acceptance record

5. Concealed works quality acceptance record

Post-Excavation Documentation

1. Construction inspection application

2. Pile recheck and quality inspection report

3. Pile deviation map

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Basement Retaining Wall Construction Process

Deep Excavation Support (Bored Pile Wall)

1. Construction of retaining piles

2. Capping beam construction

3. Excavation

4. Anchor cable installation

5. Waist beam construction

6. Anchor cable tension testing

7. Anchor head & fixture installation

Shallow Excavation Support (Mixing Pile Method)

• Mixing pile construction → Excavation → Anchor installation → Tension testing → Waist beam construction

Slope Support Method

• Excavation → Slope formation → Soil nailing → Reinforced mesh installation → Shotcreting

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Anchor Cable Construction Process

1. Drilling

2. Anchor cable/bar insertion

3. Grouting (cement paste)

4. Waist beam installation

5. Tension testing

6. Anchor head & fixture setup

Required Documentation

• Anchor/soil nail drilling record

• Grouting construction record

• Tension test record

• Concealed works acceptance record

• Anchor/soil nail wall batch acceptance record

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Bored Pile Construction Process

1. Slurry wall quality inspection (during drilling)

2. Drilling record

3. Pile concealment acceptance

4. Rebar cage installation acceptance

5. Underwater concrete pouring record

6. Concrete concealment acceptance

7. Post-construction data compilation

Testing Requirements

• Concrete test samples (during pouring)

• Rebar welding test samples (during cage fabrication)

• Rebar material testing

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Mixing Pile Construction

• Process: Cement mixing → Machine positioning → Drilling (with water/cement injection) → Pile formation → Light dynamic penetration test (after 3 days)

• Testing: Cement, cement-soil samples, rebar

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Quality Control & Field Testing

1. Anchor/Tieback Testing

   • Tension tests at 28 days to verify design strength

2. Bored Pile Core Sampling

   • Core extraction at 28 days to assess concrete strength and integrity

3. Mixing Pile Testing

   • Light dynamic penetration test (3 days post-construction)