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Rotary Drilling Rig Construction Process: Key Points and Solutions

1. Rotary Drilling Rig Construction Process

Rotary drilling rigs are widely used in foundation engineering due to their efficiency and precision. The construction process involves several critical steps to ensure high-quality pile formation:

  • Site Preparation – Ensure the ground is level and stable to support the rig.

  • Machine Assembly & Inspection – Verify all components are properly assembled and functional.

  • Pilot Hole Drilling – Conduct test drilling to determine optimal drilling speed and slurry density.

  • Positioning & Alignment – Precisely mark pile locations and align the rig accordingly.

  • Drilling & Rock Penetration – Monitor drilling parameters and switch to rock augers when necessary.

  • Hole Inspection – Check depth, diameter, and verticality using measuring ropes or hole gauges.

  • Slurry Cleaning – Remove sediment before concrete pouring.

  • Concrete Pouring – Ensure continuous underwater concrete placement to prevent defects.

2. Key Quality Control Measures

Pre-Construction Quality Control

  • Machine Performance Check – Inspect critical components before operation.

  • Trial Drilling Evaluation – Determine optimal drilling parameters for different soil layers.

  • Construction Plan Review – Ensure the method is feasible, safe, and meets quality standards.

  • Quality Management System – Establish strict on-site supervision protocols.

  • Critical Point Planning – Identify and monitor key construction stages.

Construction Process Quality Control

  • Pile Positioning – Use control stakes and verify alignment before drilling.

  • Casing Installation – Ensure the casing is centered and firmly embedded.

  • Machine Calibration – Regularly check automated adjustment systems.

  • Drilling Monitoring – Maintain proper slurry levels and prevent hole deviation.

  • Rock Layer Identification – Compare extracted samples with reference standards.

  • Final Hole Inspection – Verify depth, diameter, and verticality.

  • Slurry Cleaning – Reduce sediment before concrete placement.

  • Concrete Pouring – Ensure continuous, defect-free pouring.

3. Common Problems & Solutions

1. Hole Collapse

Causes:

  • Weak slurry pressure

  • Vibration or heavy loads near the hole

  • Water level fluctuations

Solutions:

  • Increase slurry density

  • Remove nearby disturbances

  • Refill and redrill if necessary

2. Hole Deviation

Solutions:

  • Read the deviated section

  • Backfill and redrill if severe

3. Hole Enlargement or Shrinkage

Causes:

  • Worn drill bits

  • Expansive soil layers

Solutions:

  • Replace or repair drill bits

  • Use high-quality slurry

4. Bit Clogging or Jamming

Solutions:

  • Adjust slurry viscosity

  • Clean the bit regularly

5. Drill Bit Drop

Solutions:

  • Use retrieval tools immediately

  • Never enter an unprotected hole

4. Construction Requirements

1. Suitable Ground Conditions

  • Best for sandy, clayey, and silty soils

  • Used in pile foundations, retaining walls, and ground reinforcement

2. Site Access

  • Requires wide roads for heavy transport

3. Ground Stability

  • The rig weighs ~90 tons and requires a level, compacted surface

  • Improper handling may cause accidents

Conclusion

Rotary drilling rigs offer high efficiency but require strict quality control and problem-solving strategies. By following best practices, construction teams can ensure stable, high-quality foundations. Continuous learning and experience will further improve efficiency and safety in rotary drilling operations.

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